The Volokh Conspiracy

Self-Refuting Article in Salon.com:

Top of the article: The "hiding among civilians" myth "Israel claims it's justified in bombing civilians because Hezbollah mingles with them. In fact, the militant group doesn't trust its civilians and stays as far away from them as possible."

First two paragraphs of the article: "The bombs came just as night fell, around 7 p.m. The locals knew that the 10-story apartment building had been the office, and possibly the residence, of Sheik Tawouk, the Hezbollah commander for the south, so they had moved their families out at the start of the war. The landlord had refused to rent to Hezbollah when they requested the top floors of the building. No matter, the locals said, the Hezb guys just moved in anyway in the name of the 'resistance.' Everyone knew that the building would be hit eventually. Its location in downtown Tyre, which had yet to be hit by Israeli airstrikes, was not going to protect it forever. And 'everyone' apparently included Sheik Tawouk, because he wasn't anywhere near it when it was finally hit."

Is it just me, or does the first two paragraph of this articles directly contradict its thesis? Thesis: Hezbollah does not hide behind civilians. First paragraphs: A Hezbollah commander and other "Hezb guys" force themselves into the top floors of a ten-story apartment buiding, knowing that its likely to be targeted by Israel.

There is more, albeit somewhat less egregious, evidence, later in the article, that contradicts the thesis: "The almost nightly airstrikes on the southern suburbs of Beirut could be seen as making some sense, as the Israelis appear convinced there are command and control bunkers underneath the continually smoldering rubble. There were some civilian casualties the first few nights in places like Haret Hreik, but people quickly left the area to the Hezbollah fighters with their radios and motorbikes." If the civilians "left the area" to "Hezbollah fighters," doesn't that mean that "Hezbollah fighters" were in the area mixed with civilians before that?

Still later: "In three trips over the last week to the south, where I came near enough to the fighting to hear Israeli artillery, and not just airstrikes, I saw exactly no fighters. Guys with radios with the look of Hezbollah always found me." Umm, how exactly did they "find" the author if they weren't around to begin with? Maybe they, you know, HIDE (perhaps in plain sight in civilian clothes), until they make sure that the new visitors to town are really journalists, and not an Israeli secret service unit?

And: "A fellow journalist, a Lebanese who has covered them for two decades, knows only one military guy who will admit it, and he never talks or grants interviews. All he will say is, 'I'll be gone for a few months for training. I'll call when I'm back.' Presumably his friends and neighbors may suspect something, but no one says anything." Geez, maybe this is actually evidence that a "Hezbollah fighter" is living amongst the civilian population ("friends and neighbors").

The article makes two salient points: (1) Israel does not distinguish between the "political/humanitarian" wing of the Army of God, and its military wing, in selecting targets; and (2) that Party of God fighters are disciplined and discrete, and blend into the local population.

That's all well and good, and would make an interesting article. But instead, the author, Mitch Prothero, "debunks" the claims that Hezbollah hides among civilians, and instead provides evidence that it's true. Worse yet, Salon's editors play up a sensational angle in the headline ("The 'Hiding Among Civilians' Myth") that is actually contradicted by the text of the article. If I didn't suspect that either sympathy for the Party of God or hostility to Israel blinded the editors to the obvious, I'd be embarassed for them.

UPDATE: The obvious foolishness of this article hasn't stopped various bloggers from linking to it favorably.

UPDATE 2: On a related note, this is a pretty remarkable examination of how photos from Qana that have been sent around the world were staged (hat tip: Instapundit). This doesn't make the tragedy for the individuals involved any less, but it does suggest that photojournalists are tossing anything resembling journalistic ethics away to get a sensationalistic shot, and can reasonably be accused of serving as propaganda shills for the Party of God. Meanwhile, the New York Times reports on survivors in Qana. Here's all the Times has to say about whether the Party of God was using human shields in the town:

A grocer, Hassan Faraj, stood outside his shop, near a monument to those killed in the 1996 attack. He said that Hezbollah fighters had not come to Qana, but that residents supported them strongly. There was little evidence of fighters on Sunday, but Hezbollah flags and posters of Shiite leaders trimmed the streets. "They like the resistance here," he said.

Not exactly Woodward and Bernstein. Given that it's extremely pertinent whether Israel was attacking Party of God positions or, as Human Rights Watch (which is almost cartoonishly biased agaisnt Israel, as I noticed even before I read this op-ed) alleges today, was firing indiscriminatey, you would think the Times reporter would dig a bit deeper. At least the Times might mention Israel's claim that 150 missiles were fired at Israel from Qana, and IAF footage that purports to show rockets launched by the Party of God from Qana.

Humble Law Student (mail):
Haha, great find. But remember, why should they let facts get in the way of the broader truth, "Israel purposefully kills civilans." Is hasn't ever bothered them before...
7.31.2006 12:06am
Joel B. (mail):
While there aren't usually comments on posts involving Israel, I'm glad to see the opportunity.

Israel is trying its hardest to do the right thing and avoid targeting civilians. Fair enough, but sometimes I wonder if the problem is, that Israel is not targeting civilians enough. Sherman, was not nearly so kind as he marched through Atlanta, and quite frankly I have no problem with Israel, going into Lebanon, and basically eliminating the resistance. Have a problem with that? Hezbollah can surrender or not, that should be Olmert's terms. It's all it can be, Israel wants to fight this war without getting its hands dirty. Israel should give up on trying to appease the nations. It's never going to.

The world hates Israel, and for what it's worth, the world should "hate" Israel. Israel condemns the world, as it stand chosen of God, a nation that sought him after all other continued in their rebellion (see e.g. the story of Balaam). Israel of all the other nations of antiquity exists today, not because of the work of human hands, but of the work of God. If Israel wants to succeed in whatever it does, it must recognize this fact. The world has hated Israel, just as it hated Noah, because they stand righteous where the rest of the world stand condemned.

It seems more likely though that Israel will not turn the the Lord, and seek him, instead they will trust in Olmert to deliver them, and like every other secular government that has tried to "deliver" Israel, they will fail. Salvation comes from the Lord, not from Olmert and his government, Israel needs to return to the Lord and establish itself as the lamp upon Zion. Trust in the Lord, to establish your boundaries, not secular men, they promise peace, and deliver nothing. Only until Israel recognizes and sees the inability of the secular government to "deliver" Israel, will there be a true change in the hearts of the people of Israel.

David, you keep referring to Hezbolloh as "party of God," Israel itself means "One who strives with God" perhaps it is high time, that Israel get back to striving with the Lord, instead of ignoring Him. Then, Israel will have the courage and faith to mock those who oppose them, as David did standing before Goliath "You come to me with a sword, a spear, and a javelin, but I come to you in the name of the Lord of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have taunted. "This day the Lord wil deliver you up into my hands, and I will strike you down and remove your head from you. And I will give the dead bodies of the army of the Philistines this day to the birds of the sky and the wild beasts of the earth, that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel."

Have the courage O Israel, to proudly proclaim "That all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel."
7.31.2006 12:20am
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
I take issue with the translation of Hisb'allah as "The Party of G-d" rather than "The Party of Allah."

Look at the Judeo-Christian conception of G-d. In the Old Testament, G-d constantly invokes justice as the foundation of morality. In the New Testament, Jesus constantly cites G-d's mercy as the foundation of morality.

The Quranic conception of G-d, called Allah, seems neither just nor merciful.

It may just be a quibble, but the members of Hizb'allah are very distinctly not operating under a Judeo-Christian idea of G-d. To claim they do so is, by implication, to ignore the fact that no Judeo-Christian groups act so savagely toward innocents under the aegis of religion.
7.31.2006 12:22am
Shangui (mail):
Joel B.

Yes, what the world needs is more insane religious fundamentalists seeing everything they do as justified by God. Great.

By the way, DB might be happy to note that in the latest New Yorker Hezbollah is referred to straightforwardly as "Party of God."
7.31.2006 12:25am
Marcus1 (mail) (www):
The problem is that Israel's actions here kind of give people a legitimate reason to be hostile toward it. Even if all of what you're saying is true, and Hezbollah designed the entire thing, it's still Israel that is dropping the bombs. If they're truly being tricked here, shouldn't they know better?

They may not specifically want to, but they're killing many many civilians. And when their response is, "Hey, we could have just nuked these entire cities," it kind of suggests a pretty weird perspective on the legitimate use of military force.

This entire focus on who is worse, Hezbollah or Israel, also strikes me as incredibly flawed. Would Hezbollah kill more civilians than Israel if it had the means? Sure, but is that a defense? I don't think there's anybody who views this problem as a question of which "side" is more sympathetic, other than the right wing pundits. If I didn't recognize the reason-clouding passions on all sides, I'd think it was an effort to change the subject...
7.31.2006 12:36am
Justin (mail):
The contrast between the poster calling for Israel to be genocidal maniacs in order to fulfull the will of God and the poster saying that their God is violent and ours is merciful is.....ironic, to say the least.

Is there any way, Joel B., that I can support Israel if I choose not to be a genocidal maniac? Just curious.
7.31.2006 12:42am
dk35 (mail):
I do not see why one would would call Hezbollah "Party of God" without referring to Israel as "he who strives with God." As a secular, non-Zionist jew, I do think this whole mess does make more sense when we see how destructive two groups of religious fundamentalists can be when they live in the same neighborhood. Let's hope there are enough people over there who eventually realize that fighting over "God" is as ridiculous as believing in "God" in the first place. I certainly hope so for the sake of those who aren't old enough, healthy enough, and/or have enough money to get themselves out of there.
7.31.2006 12:44am
fishbane (mail):
If the civilians "left the area" to "Hezbollah fighters," doesn't that mean that "Hezbollah fighters" were in the area mixed with civilians before that?

I dunno. Let's try a different question: suppose anti-immigration forces moved in to an area in Southern Texas to fight the growing threat of illegal immigration, and the tactics chosen were sufficiently scary to the locals that they didn't want to be near. Or, perhaps, imagine that the forces believed that civilians were information leaks, and made efforts evicted them, not out of humanitarian good will, but for operational security. Of course, either of those efforts is not going to be 100% - what do you do about poor and sick people?

What then would we say?

Before the freaks attack, I should be clear that I'm no fan of Hizbollah. I do, however, think it sad that only a couple of weeks ago our president was celebrating what a wonderful Lebonese success had happened, and now there are commentators seriously discussing how children who didn't move away from their terrorist parents are legitimate targets of war. All for a war that is technically justifiable, but really quite stupid, from a strategic perspective. Israel is unwinding 20 years of progress here.
7.31.2006 12:46am
anon252 (mail):
"Israel" is not the name of Israel because the country thinks it's "striving with God." It's the name of the country because the modern founders (secular, mostly social democrats, who established a secular state, with the exception of family law) decided to readopt the ancient Biblical name (why they chose the name of northern kingdom of Israel instead of the southern kindgom of Judea has always escaped me). Hizbollah is called the "Party of God" because its founders truly believe it's the Party of God, i.e., they are religious fanatics. If you don't get that, you don't really understand what's going on.
7.31.2006 12:50am
anon252 (mail):
Fishbane, I don't get the immigration analogy. Nothing that you say is inconsistent with the point made. To actually make your example work, consider this analogy: "fed up with intrusive and dangerous border enforcement, local residents left the area to the Border Patrol." That means the Border Patrol was already there, you can't leave something to someone who wasn't there already.
7.31.2006 12:54am
Matt Tievsky (mail):
I don't think the article's self-refuting.

First, the author doesn't claim that Hezbollah never intentionally puts itself near civilians; it says that Hezbollah "stays as far away from them as possible." One can quibble with the definition of "possible," but it's not enough to say, "Aha! an example of Hezbollah putting itself near civilians!"

Second, it's my impression that the author's claim is that Hezbollah does not put itself near civilians as a military tactic in itself. That is a significant claim and I don't think anything in the article refutes it.
7.31.2006 12:58am
Joel B. (mail):
Some have suggested, that the last thing we need is more "crazy" fundamentalists. But what if we're wrong about that, what if we've been wrong for the past 50, 100 years on that point, maybe what we really truly need to achieve peace is crazy fundamentalists on both sides. How does one defeat a god? A religion? One needs to convince its followers that following that religion is the same thing as losing. If Israel truly wants peace from Islamic extremists who believe that they are entitled to Jerusalem, and all of the land of Israel, Israel needs to do something other than reason with them. Israel must defeat them and destroy them. Israel must show up their "god" as weak and impotent and incapable of deliverence. This penny ante, go in for 2 weeks and then take a break is never going to break the will of Hezbolloh, "peace" with them will never equal a genuine peace because they will always see it as deliverence by their god. To reinforce such behavior, and expect it to change is foolishness.

No, the way to fight, crazy religious extremism, is not with secular methods alone, but with both religion and with weapons. After all "Those who love Thy law have great peace." Psalm 119:165

As to the irony, I suppose there is some, God is a God of mercy and wrath, we often prefer to focus on the mercy because it is more pleasant, but the wrath is still there. As the preacher tought "There is an appointed time for everything. And there is a time for every event under heaven...A time for war and a time for peace."

As to the idea about "wanting" Israel to be genocidal maniacs...Here's the rub, Israel is fighting a war against genocidal maniacs. Sherman and Lincoln did not want a long guerrilla war in the south. Sherman's actions went a long way towards genuinely defeating the south. As long as war is made against Israel, Israel should respond swiftly, decisively, and painfully.
7.31.2006 12:58am
Marcus1 (mail) (www):
Joel B,

So turning to God means going ahead and killing a lot more people?

Re: Sherman, the major issue that I'd hope people would consider there is the one of efficacy. Sherman's plan, I believe at least according to the conventional wisdom, worked. It ended the war. The killing stopped. Same thing goes for fire-bombing Dresden or bombing Hiroshima.

So let's say Israel goes nuclear on Lebanon, to take the extreme example. Sure, that shows a lot of moxy, I guess you could say. But would it work? Would it really end the violence? I'm pretty sure it wouldn't. And indeed, I'm pretty sure the Israel's current initiative won't either.

Unless something really good comes out of this, the fact is going to be that Israel killed a lot of people without anything really good coming out of it. I think that's a problem, I dunno about you.

Interestingly enough, though, I think you're the first fundamentalist Jewish person I've encountered. Unless that was irony. Pretty weird!
7.31.2006 12:59am
Nathan Jones (mail):
... articles like this are the reason I have stopped reading Salon regularly. That and the annoying "premium membership" bit...
7.31.2006 12:59am
Stephen M (Ethesis) (mail) (www):
I'm curious what Israel would do if the refugees from the fighting went south, to Israel. Is there a reason civilians are not doing that?
7.31.2006 1:00am
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
Justin

The irony is cleared up if you will recall that Israel has never, and will never, act as Joel wishes it to. In Judaism it is a core belief that no excuse whatsoever serves to justify the murder of an innocent- the end can never justify the means.

The day the Israelis begin fighting like Hizballah is the day the Israelis lose the very thing they are fighting for.
7.31.2006 1:06am
BGates (mail) (www):
Marcus1, you're pretty sure nuking Lebanon won't end the conflict. Would you have expected the destruction of Atlanta, Dresden, or Hiroshima to have worked?
7.31.2006 1:07am
Joel B. (mail):
Marcus, I should disclose that I'm not Jewish. I'm more just tired of Israel getting cr*pped and told that is should ask for more. Israel is a good country and a good ally, it should be treated as such.

Unless something really good comes out of this, the fact is going to be that Israel killed a lot of people without anything really good coming out of it. I think that's a problem, I dunno about you.

I completely agree! That's the problem, if Israel does not go full bore against this threat, it will affirm to the Hezbollah that their god has delivered them. If you want to live in a truly f*ed up world try living in one where Hezbollah and more muslim nations are convinced that allah can deliver them from their "Israeli oppressors" it is a scenario I do not want to run through. Because it is a bad one. The violence stopped in both those cases because the agressors knew they were so badly beat there was no one they could appeal to. The religion of the Emperor was bested and demoralized. The appeals that the South had to God seeking their cause ended, their cause was destroyed.

As much as I hate to suggest it, we're thinking of the world through secular glasses. You can't, you have to think of it through "crazy fundamentalist glasses" and recognize that no action goes without its "divine" justification. If Israel plays nice, it's not because Israel is more moral...it's because Israel has a weaker god, if Israel is forced to cease fire, it's not because the international community demanded it, it's because allah spoke to the leaders of the world and petitioned on Hezbollah's behalf. These are important considerations to remember. Things through these, consider them. I know it is disturbing, but it generally leaves you with a fairly limited range of action.
7.31.2006 1:14am
Shangui (mail):
I've seen the enemy, and he is Joel B.
7.31.2006 1:14am
Joel B. (mail):
Tom,

Have you even read Joshua? Try Joshua 8 to start.
7.31.2006 1:17am
Barry:
Quote:

Tom the Pooklekufr:
I take issue with the translation of Hisb'allah as "The Party of G-d" rather than "The Party of Allah."

What's interesting is that the closest thing Muslims have to something resembling the Jewish concept of G-d, is their prophet Mohammed.

You might remember during the Danish cartoonist uproar how American and European muslims justified their rage. Mohammed, they explained, is perfect and serves as a model of how humans should act - i.e. muslims are commanded to act like Mohammed. Mah hu pera adam, af ata pera adam etc. . . . That echoes the Jewish idea that humans are to emulate G-d.

Similarly, American and European Muslims who justified violence explained, it is forbidden to make any depiction of Mohammed, echoing the Jewish prohibition of making depictions of G-d.

Also, they explained, to insult or hate Mohammed is to hate every Muslims - just as Jews recognize that atheists and other people who "bless" G-d are at heart anti-Jewish.

So while its true that the Islamic concept of allah has absolutely nothing in common with the G-d concept, we should recognize that Moslems worship the man Mohammed as a god.
7.31.2006 1:19am
Joel B. (mail):
Let me clarify and step back, because I think it's important, it would be my desire, and I'm sure everyone elses, that Israel would be able to live at peace amongst its neighbors. That it would go unmolested by Syria, Hezbollah, and Iran, and that there would be general peace in the Middle Eastern region. That would be the best outcome.

The relevant question is...How do we get there? I guess my point is...consider any action Israel may make. How would Hezbollah perceive it? How would Iran perceive it? How would even the islamic nations Israel is marginally at peace at perceive weakness on the part of Israel.

Let me suggest that we are being exceedingly naive if we do not consider the "middle east" situation as one where there are "crazy religious fanatics" fighting in this war. We must realistically ask ourselves how does one fight such fanatics. Maybe I should let you guys suggest some alternatives, because I'd love to see them...What better alternatives does Israel have? Can it really seek peace through giving away land? That confirms to Hezbollah that "god" is on their side. What of any other action. What action can Israel reasonably make that could "pacify" this situation.
7.31.2006 1:32am
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
Joel B.

Positive mishna 189 commands that Jews "constantly remember what Amalek did." Even if the subsequent slaughters of Jews had not occured, a Jew is required to keep alive the distinction between honorable, just violence, and despicable predation. This distinction is what separates the IDF soldier from the homicide bomber in principle. Not degree. There can be no setting on the same scale the actions of a man protecting women and children, and a man attaching explosives to women and children.

While Winston Churchill said, "the price of greatness is responsibility," Israel has achieved greatness because of its responsibility to adhere to justice. It cannot afford to lose sight of its moral obligation to fully respond to a threat with whatever violence is necessary and just.

That doesn't mean the IDF should refrain from ripping new and interesting orifices into the members of Hamas and Hezbollah, just that it put bowel-loosening terror and a storm of bullets into the hearts of evil men in a civil manner. It has done so in the past, and cannot afford to act differently in the future.

It is difficult being an example to the world of a just people, but if Israel is to survive it must hold itself to the higher standard expected of a nation of priests who just happen to be ready and willing to rain deserved death on evil men.

As Winston Churchill also said, "there is no immoral way to rip out a Nazi's windpipe, as long as you are sure of his identity and malicious intent and there are no women around."
7.31.2006 1:42am
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
PIMF

Mishna should be "mitzvah."

Oh- some links:

Islamic use of women and children as homicide bombers and cannon fodder.
7.31.2006 1:46am
Tom Holsinger (mail):
Israel does have the military capability to forcibly disarm Hezbollah. If Hezbollah is ever disarmed, for whatever reason, the non-Shia population of Lebanon will do to Lebanese Shia what comes naturally in the Middle East.

If Israel does not disarm Hezbollah and the U.S. does not, simultaneously or shortly thereafter, forcibly remove Iran's mullah regime, Israel will IMO suffer a nuclear attack launched from Lebanon no more than five years from today.
7.31.2006 1:56am
Joel B. (mail):
Tom,

I actually don't think we're that far apart. It's interesting about Amalek, and that you bring that tribe up because, we seen in Deuteronomy 25:17-19, that part of the wickedness of Amalek was that they attacked the weak in the rear ("civilians?"), and for this they were to totally wipe Amalek out. Interesting, I think.

But I don't think we're that far apart in terms of the need for the IDF to act "rightly." It's just hard to know what would actually deter Hezbollah and its partisans. It's harsh for Israel to take the step of "leave the southern 20 miles of Lebanon or risk harm." But that may be necessary.
7.31.2006 1:57am
Anderson (mail) (www):
Joel B.--Fair enough, but sometimes I wonder if the problem is, that Israel is not targeting civilians enough ... quite frankly I have no problem with Israel, going into Lebanon, and basically eliminating the resistance

Why is anyone even discussing with this person? Who, by the way, matches his moral vacuity with ignorance of history:

Sherman, was not nearly so kind as he marched through Atlanta

Huh??? Hood burned Atlanta. I suppose the "March to the Sea" is meant, but since when was that about killing civilians?
7.31.2006 2:06am
Erasmussimo:
Mr. Bernstein, I suggest that you re-read the original article more carefully. Let's go through your accusation carefully, and I'll show you how you misread the article.

You write, "Is it just me, or does the first two paragraph of this articles directly contradict its thesis? Thesis: Hezbollah does not hide behind civilians. First paragraphs: A Hezbollah commander and other "Hezb guys" force themselves into the top floors of a ten-story apartment buiding, knowing that its likely to be targeted by Israel."

If you will consult the original article, you will find the following statement: 'My own reporting and that of other journalists reveals that in fact Hezbollah fighters -- as opposed to the much more numerous Hezbollah political members, and the vastly more numerous Hezbollah sympathizers -- avoid civilians.'

The reporter differentiates between Hezbollah fighters and Hezbollah political members. The Hezbollah people he describes in that paragraph are clearly political members, not fighters. You may claim that there is no distinction, but the reporter's writing is absolutely consistent with the distinction he makes. There is no contradiction -- merely a misreading on your part.

You write, "If the civilians "left the area" to "Hezbollah fighters," doesn't that mean that "Hezbollah fighters" were in the area mixed with civilians before that?" No, it doesn't mean that Hezbollah fighters were there originally. It means that civilians left the area. It doesn't even state that Hezbollah fighters were ever there -- it describes the thought processes of the civilians, not the facts on the ground. I'll grant that the thought processes of the civilians imply the possibility of Hezbollah being there, but at this point we're on some very thin conjectural ice. To suggest that this proves inconsistency in the article is not reasonable. Given the wording, I'd suggest we both chalk this one up as too messy to call.

You write, ""In three trips over the last week to the south, where I came near enough to the fighting to hear Israeli artillery, and not just airstrikes, I saw exactly no fighters. Guys with radios with the look of Hezbollah always found me." Umm, how exactly did they "find" the author if they weren't around to begin with?" Again, you fail to note the author's clear differentiation between runners and fighters. At another point in the article the author refers to guys armed only with radios. Clearly, these are intended to be noncombatants. The author is saying that he observed runners, but no fighters.

Referring to a Hezbollah military man who lives among the civilians, you write, "Geez, maybe this is actually evidence that a "Hezbollah fighter" is living amongst the civilian population ("friends and neighbors")" Here you fail to distinguish between living among civilians and fighting among civilians. The article makes clear that the fighter resided during times of peace among civilians. It does not say that the fighter engaged in military operations while among the civilians. This is in fact the time-honored practice among militia, including our very own Minute Men. Surely you would not be so unfair as to condemn the Minute Men for hiding behind civilians, would you?
7.31.2006 2:08am
Tom Holsinger (mail):
Israel does not have to target Lebanese Shia civilians. The other Lebanese will as soon as Hezbollah is disarmed. It doesn't matter whether this is good or bad - it will happen.

Hezbollah has signed a sentence of genocide on its own people by starting this war. Whatever else happens, the Shia of Lebanon will suffer catastrophic population losses within five years.
7.31.2006 2:13am
Joel B. (mail):
Thank you Anderson for selectively quoting me. Note, the full paragraph was "Israel is trying its hardest to do the right thing and avoid targeting civilians. Fair enough, but sometimes I wonder if the problem is, that Israel is not targeting civilians enough. Sherman, was not nearly so kind as he marched through Atlanta, and quite frankly I have no problem with Israel, going into Lebanon, and basically eliminating the resistance. Have a problem with that? Hezbollah can surrender or not, that should be Olmert's terms. It's all it can be, Israel wants to fight this war without getting its hands dirty. Israel should give up on trying to appease the nations. It's never going to. "

Note that I linked up doing the right thing with the avoidance of targeting civilians. I then said that sometimes I wonder if Israel is not targeting civilians enough, a little impetuous, I suppose fair enough, even then, I wasn't saying bar none, Israel should kill every single person who lives in Israel, but that I wonder if Israel isn't being harsh enough. I then refer to eliminating the resistance and this is questioned as morally objectionable? I'm confused, is Israel now not entitled to at least eliminate Hezbollah?

As to my supposed ignorance of history, I'm glad you could point that out, that I wrote march through Atlanta as though it wasn't referring to the whole of the Savannah and Atlanta Campaigns. Granted the Atlanta campaign was gentler, possibly due to the upcoming election, but once the election was secured, the Savannah campaign was thoroughly harsh, targenting civilian infrastructure, livestock, ownership, crops. Everything, maybe the individuals escaped alive, but civilians were made to feel the pain of the war. To army corps commanders alone is intrusted the power to destroy mills, houses, cotton-gins, &c., and for them this general principle is laid down: In districts and neighborhoods where the army is unmolested no destruction of such property should be permitted; but should guerrillas or bushwhackers molest our march, or should the inhabitants burn bridges, obstruct roads, or otherwise manifest local hostility, then army commanders should order and enforce a devastation more or less relentless according to the measure of such hostility.

I leave it to the reader's judgment as to the measure of hostility of such districts and towns that Israel is striking in Lebanon.
7.31.2006 2:25am
Tom Holsinger (mail):
Joel,

You wish. The non-Shia (Sunnis, Druze, Christians, etc.) blame the Shia and Hezbollah. Michael Totten agrees:

"My sources and friends in Beirut tell me most Lebanese are going easy on Hezbollah as much as they can while the bombs are still falling. But a terrible reckoning awaits them once this is over ...
My friend Carine says the atomosphere reeks of impending sectarian conflict like never before. Another Lebanese blogger quotes a radical Christian war criminal from the bad old days who says the civil war will resume a month after Israel cools its guns: "Christians, Sunnis and Druze will fight the 'f*cker Shia', with arms from the US and France."

Israeli partisans may think this is terrific. The Lebanese may take care of Hezbollah at last! But democratic Lebanon cannot win a war against Hezbollah, not even after Hezbollah is weakened by IAF raids. Hezbollah is the most effective Arab fighting force in the world, and the Lebanese army is the weakest and most divided. The Israelis beat three Arab armies in six days in 1967, but a decade was not enough for the IDF to take down Hezbollah ...

Israel and Lebanon (especially Lebanon) will continue to burn as long as Hezbollah exists as a terror miltia freed from the leash of the state. The punishment for taking on Hezbollah is war. The punishment for not taking on Hezbollah is war. Lebanese were doomed to suffer war no matter what.

Lebanon could, indeed, become a free fire zone even if most Lebanese do everything they can to make it not so. Just a few thousand Hezbollah fighters set two countries on fire all by themselves. Don’t discount what bloody mayhem and hell a few thousand armed Druze, Christians, and Sunni can do if they decide to go hunting Shia in revenge for destroying their country. Don't forget, also, that Lebanon is now surging with tens of thousands of furious, displaced, homeless, unemployed, and undisciplined young Shia men enthralled with Iranian-style jihad ...

But one thing I do know is that after the first war ends there really could be another."
7.31.2006 2:32am
Speaking the Obvious:
Congratulations to Erasmussimo on demonstrating the capability of clear reading comprehension. Shame that a legal graduate like Mr. Bernstein is, on the topic of Israel, incapable of such simple parsing.
7.31.2006 2:36am
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
Joel B.

I believe that the ends can never justify the means. I believe that Israel can afford to be neither too lax nor too bloodthirsty with dealing with the barbarians, for the former will lead to Israel being destroyed by its neighbors and the latter will lead to Israel being destroyed by itself.

Remember that Negative Mitzvah 293 commands the Jew "not to pity the pursuer, but to kill him before he can kill or rape the pursued." Thousands of years later, Adam Smith would rephrase this as "mercy to the guilty is cruelty to the innocent."

It is as much an error not to adequately retaliate against violence as it is to over-retaliate. Failure to protect the innocent against evil will get them killed immediately, and failure to uphold their innocence will get them killed in the long run.

Israel therefore has to navigate the razor-thin line between adequate and morally obligated violence against those who will stop at nothing short of a sucking chest wound in their effort to eliminate Israel women and children first, and losing sight of the very reason why it is fighting for survival by fighting in a way designed to ensure its survival at all costs.

Israel has an obligation toward its survival to ruthlessly retaliate against the barbarians, and an obligation toward its worthiness of survival to just as ruthlessly adhere to morality and civility where its enemy sees none. As I said, it's a razor-thin line few other nations have even noticed existed.

From what I understand, you do not see the need for Israel to restrain itself to the mere ruthless and brutal retaliation against the men aiming at Israeli women and children; you seem to wish for Israel to itself purposely aim for the innocent.

To the extent we both believe that Israel must fight as hard as possible against those terrorists willing to see it destroyed, we are of one mind. But to the extent you allow Israel even a fraction of the savagery of its enemies toward innocents, I am bitterly opposed.
7.31.2006 2:44am
Joel B. (mail):
Tom,

I think simply I can agree with what you say. It is a very fine line and it is a nearly impossible one to navigate. One problem I see is that the determination of one is a civilian is not an easy one much as the article points out.

In fact the major difficulty in determing civilianity to an individual is that there is certainly a range of actions in lebanon. I certain agree that it would be wrong for Israel to target disinterested lebanese is beirut. However, if an individual stays in the south provides aid and comfort to hezbollah at what point does this person become a legitimate target. I expect that I may be more willing to say that that person is no longer cloaked in civilianity. And to what extent should that individual be made to feel the punishment of striking or aiding those who strike against Israel.

Just as you pointed out that mercy to the guilty is injustice to the innocent we must be careful to not find someone not guilty because we deem the punishment too harsh.
7.31.2006 3:03am
Tom Holsinger (mail):
Tom P.,

It is not a fine line. War is messy.
7.31.2006 3:13am
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
Tom H.

War is messy, morality is not. And the Israelis know that while a human may get confused in both matters in the fog of war, G-d will not.
7.31.2006 3:22am
Harry Eagar (mail):
fishbane sez: "Israel is unwinding 20 years of progress here."

Amazing. I'd have called it 20 years -- or 36 years -- of decay.

Lebanon had a democracy until 1970. It wasn't much of a democracy, but it was the best democracy any group of Arabs had had or ever has had.

And they destroyed it. Not Israel. Arabs. There's probably a lesson in there somewhere.
7.31.2006 3:28am
Tom Holsinger (mail):
Tom P.,

Tell us about your military experience. The only people who correctly draw such bright lines are true pacifists. The rest of us live in this world.
7.31.2006 3:52am
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
Tom P.

You have in one shot introduced the chickenhawk meme, suggested that I am a complete pacifist, misread thoughts of pacifism into my previous comments, and omniscience into my statement that "[humans]get confused in both matters in the fog of war."

In keeping with my belief that no one under 40 knows anything about life or religion, feel free to ignore everything I say.

But please try not to put words into my mouth when I'm already struggling to make sense.
7.31.2006 4:04am
Tom Holsinger (mail):
Tom P.,

Try calling me Tom H. rather than Tom P. You're Tom P. I'm Tom H.

I am familiar with true pacifists as my church - the Church of the Brethren - is one of the original, recognized in World War One, consciencious objector/pacifist churches. Go here.

The true roots of pacifist theology lie in individual salvation - the objection to war is not so much that war is evil but that it is evil to kill anyone who doesn't deserve it. People should refrain from killing other people to save their own souls, not to save others or to make society better. True religious pacifists deem any killing or use of force by themselves as a mortal threat to their own souls because they might be mistaken about the moral consequences of such acts. Use of force is wrong in its own right as well as being the start of a slippery slope which might lead to killing.

So religious pacifists won't use any force at all, let alone kill, to save their own souls. The early history of the Brethren in America included one ghastly Indian massacre in which most of a German village in Pennsylvannia was hacked down while lined up and praying, en mass, "Gott mit uns" (God is with us) over and over. The survivors high-tailed it east to the protection of the "English" militia.

It was a tough world. Holsingers and other Brethren came here because the penalty for refusing conscription in many German states was the murder of one's children. My grandmother told me folk stories about 17th-18th century soldiers crying while turning baby carriages over so they wouldn't have to look at the babies' faces while running them through with bayonets.

But there are ranges of opinion. The more morally confident are today called "conscientious objectors" who object to killing in war. They will use force and even kill to improve a situation when they feel it is morally justified. They just won't kill under orders from somebody else. Each individual must make his own calls and answer on Judgment Day for mistakes.


War is messy. The only way to make the distinctions you advocate is to not fight at all. This works only when the next world is your overwhelming focus.

Soldiers know this. You don't. And I called you on it.
7.31.2006 4:30am
randal (mail):
DB:

I think you're being overly harsh on Salon, and quoting parts of the article out of context.

You seem to be taking issue with the article only because it is balanced and subtle, not completely one-sided.

For example, you quote "people quickly left the area to the Hezbollah fighters with their radios and motorbikes" as evidence that the article is undermining itself. But the very next sentence is, "But other attacks seem gratuitous, fishing expeditions, or simply intended to punish anything and anyone even vaguely connected to Hezbollah." That is, the article is engaged in fair reporting and analysis. It's strange to me that you cannot understand a balanced article. Journalism is best when it looks honestly at a situation, reporting both sides, examples and counterexamples. Including counterexamples doesn't undermine anything, unless you are expecting propaganda instead of journalism.

The executive summary at the top of the article seems fair. Of course it is an over-simplification - it is only one sentence. But it is the thesis of the article. Again, including counterexamples in the article makes it a stronger article. It'd be dumb to say, there's never been a militant Hezbollah fighter among civilians. So it says, yes there has been, Hezbollah is a large organization that interacts with civilians, but it's a myth to think it's Hezbollah's MO. Seems logical to me.
7.31.2006 5:17am
anon252 (mail):
Eras: "The Hezbollah people he describes in that paragraph are clearly political members, not fighters."

What part of Sheik Tawouk, the Hezbollah commander for the south, don't you understand? I stopped reading your nonsense after that.

Randal, that's like saying an article with the thesis "Al Qaeda NEVER targets Americans" is balanced because Al Qaeda sometimes kills non-Americans, and the author has never seen Al Qaeda kill Americans.
7.31.2006 6:04am
Just:
Admit it.

At the end of the day,
Israeli actions, with American equipment, killed children. Lots of children.

Maybe Israel just has bad aim and is not ready for the weapon systems she has been given. Maybe the religious coalition needs to be better schooled in the life ratio: one to one, no matter the ethnicity or religion. Maybe Israel should not be in this position to begin with...
7.31.2006 8:42am
nrein1 (mail):
just it

Maybe the religious coalition needs to be better schooled in the life ratio: one to one, no matter the ethnicity or religion.
Huh. SInce when has war been about proportionality? War is about trying to win. Now granted to be able to win you must attempt to minimize civilian casualty lest world opinion turns against you. Still proportionality has nothing to do with war.

Also what religious coalition are you talking about? Your statement about Israel maybe not being able to handle the weapons systems they are given seems to hint at racism. (not anti semitism mind you, but specifically directed against the people that live in Israel) Would you say the same thing about Spain, a country at comparable levels as Israel?
7.31.2006 9:51am
SeaLawyer:
Just

Maybe Israel should not be in this position to begin with...


You are right Israel should not be in this position. If Israels neighbors would not have launch genocidal wars againist they wouldn't be in this position.
If Hzb and Hamas and other terrorist groupd would put down their weapons there would be peace. If Israel disarms there will be no Israel.
7.31.2006 10:43am
Ken Arromdee:
Admit it.

At the end of the day,
Israeli actions, with American equipment, killed children. Lots of children.


And? Are you implying that because they killed some children, they are in the wrong, regardless of other considerations? By this reasoning, Hezbollah could literally fight with babies strapped to their back and Israel would still be in the wrong.
7.31.2006 10:44am
johnt (mail):
Oh the comfort of sitting on one's ass unthreatened and preaching restraint to a nation at war for close to sixty years. Fighting to survive that long may fray one's nerves a little bit but not so those here whose chests swell with rectitude as they contemplate themselves.
Killing civilians! Do say, how nasty when you have had your school buses machine gunned not to practice an other worldly forebearance. Like some of us here, sitting on our asses and quite comfortable, thank you.
Doubtless this self restraint would stand untarnished under fire, for sixty years, while you dodge rockets. Yet I have a suspicion that there's something of the soap box to it. The cheap thrill of an affected moral superiority, the equally cheap opportunity to fault someone who's shoes you're not in, are tempting to those in need of an ego boost with no price to pay, no decisions to be made and a ton of hot air to exude.
It helps if you can artfully forget that the entire purpose of various breeds of muslim murderers is to kill civilians,[quick, time for a "we can't sink to their level" mind numbing cliche.] which is why they call it "terror".
The Slate article is of course a load of crap, the use of civilians as cover is standard and not just in Lebanon and why else do the soldiers of allah dress in civilian garb ?
This is a new kind of war, one where civilians are both target and defense, not a part of but rather the focus of that war. To recognize this is to know that the term"collateral damage" has little if any meaning, and to fight the war accordingly.
7.31.2006 10:52am
Just:
Ken,

Just admit it.
7.31.2006 10:59am
Chris Bell (mail):
Have a look at this. It's a blog on a report that civilian areas were intentionally used.
7.31.2006 10:59am
Just:
"Your statement about Israel maybe not being able to handle the weapons systems they are given seems to hint at racism."


????
They are proving ineffective at targeting.
Whether it's the technology, or the warriors manning the weapons, maybe they have not been properly trained or are not up to the sophisticated weapons systems.
Maybe they soldiers need technology a little less sophisticated if they are wreaking such havoc to their own gameplan with it.

Surely no one here is arguing that such a strike is effective in accomplishing the stated goals?
7.31.2006 11:03am
Just:

Because really, the closer you get to justifying "misses"/errors/wasted strikes like this, the further and further you get from "winning" anything solid.

I mean, you realize this, right? It's a setback to the stated military goal of disarming Hezzbollah, getting back the captured soldiers dead or alive, and silencing the weapons used against Israel's civilians.

Don't listen to the cheerleaders like DB and wife, who can justify anything it sounds like. Think rationally. Does this type of "missing" help or hurt the cause? That's all I'm saying. Blaming others can't take that away, so admit it and move on, thinking how you'd proceed differently, knowing now what you didn't know then. (That the "miss" would kill women and children and help lose support of the international community.) If you'd target exactly the same way, no change in coordinates, no hesitation, knowing how things would come out, you've already lost but the body is still moving
7.31.2006 11:09am
Erasmussimo:
anon52 writes, "What part of Sheik Tawouk, the Hezbollah commander for the south, don't you understand?" I was tempted to ignore the comment because of its uncivil wording, but for the benefit of others, I shall respond. Yes, you have a point. However, while the word 'commander' does connote military responsibilities, the gentleman's title 'sheik' connotes political responsibilities. I interpreted the sentence as implying that Sheik Tawouk is a tribal leader who has responsibility for all Hezbollah activities in the south -- political, social, and military. Thus, while he is effectively commander in chief for the south (in the same way that Mr. Bush is commander in chief of American military forces), that does not make him a fighter. The fact that his presence was widely known among locals certainly suggests no effort to conceal his presence -- which the reporter makes clear was standard policy among fighters.

But the most important fact to note is that the reporter observes that there were no fighters in the vicinity once the fighting started. Again, the thesis that Hezbollah fighters avoided contact with civilians is supported.

I'd like to add an overall observation: all the moralizing about the holy duty Israel has to slaughter children -- and the counterarguments as well -- misses the big picture. The only justification of violence is the achievement of desirable long-term policy goals. I agree that a policy that kills a thousand people today to save a million people tomorrow is a prudent one. Yet nobody can show that all this killing will accomplish anything in the long run. Muslims kill Israelis, Israelis kill Muslims, and what is accomplished? More funerals, more hate, and nothing is solved.

The Israelis and the Muslims have lost all strategic perspective. Politically speaking, they are both hysterical, blithering maniacs engaging in an orgy of endless killing. Debating which maniac is more justified as he runs amok seems futile to me. The time has come for the international community to step in and impose and enforce a peace settlement upon these deranged parties.
7.31.2006 11:39am
Veritas:
From Der Tagesspiegel July 30, 2006 as reported in Judeoscope

30 July 2006
A Lebanese Shia explains how Hezbollah uses human shields
Judeoscope

In a letter to the editor of the Berlin left-wing daily Die Tageszeitung (TAZ) a Lebanese Shia explains how after Israel’s withdrawal from South Lebanon, Hezbollah stored rockets in bunkers in his town and built a school and residence over it.

I lived until 2002 in a small southern village near Mardshajund that is inhabited by a majority of Shias like me. After Israel left Lebanon, it did not take long for Hezbollah to take have its say in other towns. Received as successful resistance fighters and armed to the teeth, they stored rockets in bunkers in our town as well. The social work of the Party of God consisted in building a school and a residence over these bunkers! A local sheikh explained to me laughing that the Jews would lose in any event because the rockets would either be fired at them or if they attacked the rockets depots, they would be condemned by world opinion on account of the dead civilians. These people do not care about the Lebanese population, they use them as shields, and, once dead, as propaganda. As long as they continue existing there, there will be no tranquility and peace.

Dr. Mounir Herzallah
Berlin-Wedding

(translated from the German by David Ouellette)

German Original:

Ich wohnte bis 2002 in einem kleinen Dorf im Süden nahe Mardschajun, das mehrheitlich von Schiiten wie mir bewohnt ist. Nach Israels Verlassen des Libanon dauerte es nicht lange, bis die Hisbollah bei uns und in allen anderen Ortschaften das Sagen hatte. Als erfolgreiche Widerstandskämpfer begrüßt, erschienen sie waffenstarrend und legten auch bei uns Raketenlager in Bunkern an. Die Sozialarbeit der Partei Gottes bestand darin, auf diesen Bunkern eine Schule und ein Wohnhaus zu bauen! Ein lokaler Scheich erklärte mir lachend, dass die Juden in jedem Fall verlieren, entweder weil die Raketen auf sie geschossen werden oder weil sie, wenn sie die Lager angriffen, von der Weltöffentlichkeit verurteilt werden ob der dann zivilen Toten. Die libanesische Bevölkerung interessiert diese Leute überhaupt nicht, sie benutzen sie als Schilder und wenn tot als Propaganda. Solange sie dort existieren, wird es keine Ruhe und Frieden geben.

Dr. Mounir Herzallah
Berlin-Wedding
7.31.2006 12:46pm
Falafalafocus (mail):
Just

At the end of the day,
Israeli actions, with American equipment, killed children. Lots of children.


I read this to mean that you think that Israel is a baby murdering machine and America is the enabler. Then you say:

Because really, the closer you get to justifying "misses"/errors/wasted strikes like this, the further and further you get from "winning" anything solid.

I mean, you realize this, right? It's a setback to the stated military goal of disarming Hezzbollah, getting back the captured soldiers dead or alive, and silencing the weapons used against Israel's civilians.

I can only interpret this to mean that Israel's attacks are poor strategy towards the end of stopping the Rocket Firing, Truck Bomb driving, fun loving civilians who just "happen" to be in Lebanon. At any rate, its easy to demand that those you disagree with "admit it" when you simply move the goal posts when someone calls you out on a crazy statement.
7.31.2006 12:56pm
Just:


What were those goal posts again?

Maybe an A for effort, that I'll give you.
But performance ?
7.31.2006 3:08pm
Harry Eagar (mail):
Just allows points to the Moslems for inefficiency, but seems not concerned that all Hezbollah strikes within Israel, to the extent that they have targets at all, are targeted against children.

At least some of the Israeli strikes in Lebanon are against 'military' targets, whatever that may mean when virtually the entire population of the south is Hezbollah.

There's a disporportionality there, Just.
7.31.2006 6:27pm
Stating the Obvious:
Professor Bernstein: "Human Rights Watch (which is almost cartoonishly biased agaisnt Israel..."

Professor Bernstein is absolutely right. HRW is horribly biased against Israel. As is Amnesty International. As is B'Tselem, the Israeli human rights group. All of these organizations have criticized Israel for torture, violations of international law, illegitimate destruction of Palestinian property, mass arrests without trial. Clearly, all are cartoonishly biased. Thanks to Professor Bernstein for setting us straight.
7.31.2006 8:50pm
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
Tom H.

I am no Pyrrhonist. I am humble enough to accept inference and Bayesian theory to inform me within reasonable certainty when I had better fight with deadly force than die.

I argue that while Man of course cannot know with absolute certainty the morality of his actions, as you rightly acknowledge only G-d can do, he can and must act on whatever judgment he can muster lest his ethical quandary be rendered a moot point by a knife or bullet.

Israel is faced with the necessity of coming to as close an accurate judgment of just and adequate retaliation as possible. Of course it will be flawed, only an approximation to the correct judgment rendered by G-d's omniscience. But no man has the leisure to acquire the absolute certainty your church requires in matters of deadly force, lest the enemy's knife or bullet prove the matter beyond all doubt.
7.31.2006 10:13pm
Erasmussimo:
Tom, you write, "Israel is faced with the necessity of coming to as close an accurate judgment of just and adequate retaliation as possible."

What's the point of retaliation? What does it accomplish?
7.31.2006 11:07pm
Tom the Pooklekufr (mail) (www):
Erasmussimo

Well, for one thing, it kills the men who strap bombs on themselves and blow up schoolbuses and cafes. It also kills the men who find women and children suitable cannon-fodder to hide behind. And it kills the men aiming unguided missiles into areas laden with women and children. And better yet, it puts bowel-loosening fear into those men who would teach their children to become martyrs.

What would non-retaliation accomplish?
8.1.2006 12:03am
Erasmussimo:
Tom, much of what you're describing is not retaliation, but pre-emptive attacks. Those are a different story. The only justification you offer for retaliation is that "...it puts bowel-loosening fear into those men who would teach their children to become martyrs." Is it fear or anger that retaliation engenders? Did you respond to the 9/11 attacks with fear or anger?

You ask, what would non-retaliation accomplish? I have already offered a lengthy proposal in another topic for a constructive approach to the problems of the Middle East. There are hundreds of possible approaches that would have a greater likelihood of success than seeking revenge.
8.1.2006 1:06am
Milhouse (www):
Stating the Obvious wrote:

Professor Bernstein is absolutely right. HRW is horribly biased against Israel. As is Amnesty International. As is B'Tselem, the Israeli human rights group.

Yes, all three organisations are virulently anti-Israel, and have no regard whatsoever for the truth. Glad to see you finally understand this.
8.1.2006 4:34am
Eric Rasmusen (mail) (www):



"IAF footage that purports to show rockets launched by the Party of God from Qana"

It's interesting that even from David Bernstein we have that "purports" combined with an apparently uncritical acceptance that civilians were killed. I expect both things are true--civilians were killed in Qana and they were near a legitimate military target--- but it's curious that after New Orleans, Haditha, etc. people accept liberal atrocity stories at face value. It's unclear why Israel has any incentive to kill 50 civilians in a target which it knows has no military value; it is very clear that Hezbollah has ample incentive to convince the world that 50 civilians were killed at such a target.
8.1.2006 9:48pm