No Soup for You, Article III Judges:
Over at The BLT, Tony Mauro has an interesting post on the proposed Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA) for federal judges that would let judicial salaries adjust for inflation. The COLA increase was originally inserted into the auto bailout bill, but it was pulled because it became controversial:
  [E]ven before the Senate killed the bailout, the judges' COLA got into unexpected trouble. Some press reports on the House action portrayed it as a judicial "pay raise" that had been tucked into the House bill — rather than an adjustment that barely keeps them even with inflation. The news reports, apparently, scared off the Senate.
  “Wrong time. Wrong place,” Sen. Claire McCaskill, (D-Mo.) exclaimed on the Senate floor Dec. 11. “We have families all over this nation that are scared today, that aren’t buying Christmas presents. Federal judges get lifetime appointments and they never take a dime’s cut in pay. They die with the same salary they have today.” After that, it was little surprise that senators supporting the auto bailout began the process of pulling the judicial provision out of the bill. They did not want to jeopardize any much-needed votes. But then the whole thing collapsed anyway.
  Perhaps Chief Justice Roberts should edit his year-end report on the federal judiciary to make the case that the subprime market decline has caused a liquidity crisis in the federal judiciary. The federal judiciary needs a bailout, because is too big to fail. The report should admit that federal judges have made mistakes before, but say that the only way to get the judiciary back on its feet is to look forward. Plus, I'll bet the federal courts would be okay with a bailout in the one or two billion range. That's a bargain these days.
DangerMouse:
The federal judiciary needs a bailout, because is too big to fail.

Nice irony.

If anyone needs to go under, it's the federal judiciary. Let them eat cake.
12.12.2008 4:20pm
kormal:
Federal judges shouldn't be paid. Their seats should be up for sale to the highest bidder. Let the market determine the worth of a lifetime appointment to such a powerful position, and those with corresponding means can pony up. Article III will be a for-profit venture in no time.
12.12.2008 4:25pm
titus32:
I thought the judicial pay raise was supposed to give district judges a salary increase equal to members of congress? If that's the case, McCaskill's comments are pretty rich. I suppose she'll be donating her $5,000 raise to hard working families to buy Christmas presents.
12.12.2008 4:30pm
Nunzio:
McCaskill's a hack. And "they never take a dime's cut in pay." When's the last time a Senator did? When's the last time they even cut their staffs.

Let's take McCaskill's pay and spread it among the Supreme Court justices.
12.12.2008 4:56pm
Guest101:
Would a COLA be subject to Article III's ban on reducing judicial salaries? I.e., if the cost of living goes down in a given area, could the judicial COLA constitutionally be reduced? Purely hypothetical question, I realize, but interesting (to me anyway) nonetheless.
12.12.2008 4:57pm
Paul B:
Guest101, I believe a number of federal judges filed an unsuccessful lawsuit a few years ago arguing that failing to keep their salaries up with inflation violated the Article III prohibition on reducing judicial salaries.

There is a similar case underway for New York state judges. Unlike the federal case, the initial ruling was favorable, although I'm sure the judges would much prefer to have the legislature make this moot rather than having to go through the judicial process with the obvious conflict of interest by any judge ruling on the matter.
12.12.2008 5:17pm
ARCraig (mail):
DangerMouse-

The size and scope of the Federal judiciary (which is of course simply reflective of the size and scope of the Federal gov't overall) is certainly way beyond anything this libertarian wants, but at least the court system is something the Federal government is supposed to have in some form.
12.12.2008 5:17pm
Sarcastro (www):
Wow, the yearly "Federal Judiciary is in crisis cause good lawyers want $$$" report is sure to be a humdinger this year!
12.12.2008 5:17pm
Zed:
Paul B, I think Guest101 was talking about a hypothetical where the COLA is a negative percentage, due to deflation. Negative COLA = pay decrease in nominal dollars.
12.12.2008 5:18pm
AF:
McCaskill's a hack. And "they never take a dime's cut in pay." When's the last time a Senator did? When's the last time they even cut their staffs.

Well, I do not believe the Senate is voting itself a pay raise or cutting the judiciary's staff, so if your point is that the Senate is treating itself differently from judges, I don't think that's right.

Senators are paid less than appellate judges (and the same as district court judges), despite the fact that it is considerably more difficult to become a Senator than a district court judge.

Many high-level officials in the federal government (including most federal judges and Senators) could be paid more in the private sector than in the public sector. Nevertheless, the demand for these positions far outweighs the supply.

I have no objection to giving federal judges pay raises, but I do think the sense of indignation and urgency that is often expressed is misplaced.
12.12.2008 5:25pm
GearJammer (mail):
United States v. Will, 449 U.S. 200 (1980), Congress can't revoke a judicial increase (COLA) after it was authorized by statute. The decision doesn't address the effect of deflation, but interesting nonetheless.
12.12.2008 5:35pm
AF:
Well, I do not believe the Senate is voting itself a pay raise or cutting the judiciary's staff, so if your point is that the Senate is treating itself differently from judges, I don't think that's right.

Oops, it looks like the Senate is allowing itself to get a pay raise (though it is not voting itself a pay raise.) My mistake. Though I wouldn't be surprised if they decide to block their own raises in the next couple of weeks.

The broader point stands. Federal judges are not significantly more underpaid than many other federal officials and their claim for a raise, while reasonable, is hardly overwhelming.
12.12.2008 5:41pm
krs:

“Wrong time. Wrong place,” Sen. Claire McCaskill, (D-Mo.) exclaimed
I have no idea who Claire McCaskill is (other than obviously being a democratic senator from Missouri). Does anyone seriously disagree with her comments, though?

Of course, judges should get COLA, and I think that they should get a raise sometime soon, but if this auto industry business is as dire and dramatic as everyone says, it seems inappropriate to me for legislators to start tacking on riders that have nothing to do with it.

Why not throw in a bridge to nowhere or a Terry Schiavo memorial on a patch of federal land in Florida?
12.12.2008 5:42pm
titus32:
Well, I do not believe the Senate is voting itself a pay raise or cutting the judiciary's staff, so if your point is that the Senate is treating itself differently from judges, I don't think that's right.

Senators are paid less than appellate judges (and the same as district court judges), despite the fact that it is considerably more difficult to become a Senator than a district court judge.


My understanding is that there is already a law that automatically gives members of congress the same COLA that district judges would have received if the bill had passed. So, although senators are paid the same as district judges now, district judges will be paid less as of January 1. If all this is right, then, yes, McKaskill's a hypocrite and a demagogue.

Also, I'm not sure why it should matter that it's more difficult to become a Senator than a district court judge, or at least that's not all that matters.
12.12.2008 5:49pm
Anderson (mail):
A judiciary strike would be interesting.
12.12.2008 6:01pm
MikeS (mail):
The Republicans would filibuster any bailout that doesn't reduce the pay of federal judges to the average of all court employees by 2009.
12.12.2008 6:02pm
Tom Carter (mail) (www):
I think federal judges should get a pay raise. The Volcker Commission stated, "Judicial salaries are the most egregious example of the failure of federal compensation policies. Federal judicial salaries have lost 24 percent of their purchasing power since 1969." In addition to recommending a pay raise for judges, they also recommended that judicial pay should be de-linked from pay for congressmen.

Regardless of how much we may be frustrated by judges at times, I think for the most part they're serious people who do a very good job. Beyond that, virtually every one of them could make much more in private practice. It's shameful that their compensation hasn't at least stayed even with inflation.
12.12.2008 6:27pm
Vernunft (mail) (www):
I suppose you'd have to be other than braindead to realize that not keeping up with inflation IS a pay cut. Whatever.

Also, Christmas present comment is comedy gold.
12.12.2008 7:00pm
Mike& (mail):
Beyond that, virtually every one of them could make much more in private practice.

Then why don't they? Right, prestige and power matter. Also, judges have life tenure.

Incidentally, how much money could Barack Obama have made in the private sector? A lot more than he's made thus far, that's for sure.

This is a tired debate. Judges get paid more than 99% of Americans for doing a job most lawyers (even those making mid-six figures and above) would love to have.
12.12.2008 7:45pm
MarkField (mail):

Federal judicial salaries have lost 24 percent of their purchasing power since 1969."


That's pretty much on pace with the presidential salary. That peaked about 1900 in real dollars and has dropped by 75% or so since then. 24% over 40 years is actually better than the presidential average.
12.12.2008 9:20pm
Sammy Finkelman (mail):
As long as we use Dollars to make all payments, and think in terms of Dollars, a increase in pay because of a cost of living adjustment is a pay raise, even if the result is only to take someone approximately back to a place they were some arbitrary time ago.

You have to say that. There has to be some unit of account that is held to be stable even if it isn't, or otherwise there is no way to keep pay the same.

You could only say it is not a pay raise if Dollars were not "real" money but something else was real money.
12.14.2008 9:45pm
Sammy Finkelman (mail):
As long as we use Dollars to make all payments, and think in terms of Dollars, a increase in pay because of a cost of living adjustment is a pay raise, even if the result is only to take someone approximately back to a place they were some arbitrary time ago.

You have to say that. There has to be some unit of account that is held to be stable even if it isn't, or otherwise there is no way to keep pay the same.

You could only say it is not a pay raise if Dollars were not "real" money but something else was real money.
12.14.2008 9:46pm

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